What is the primary role of meteorological satellites in aviation?

Meteorological satellites play a critical role in aviation by tracking weather patterns that can significantly affect flight safety. They collect data on atmospheric conditions, such as temperature, humidity, and cloud coverage, which are vital for understanding the current state of the weather and predicting changes. This information helps pilots and air traffic controllers make informed decisions about flight routing, altitude adjustments, and timing, reducing the risks associated with severe weather conditions such as thunderstorms, turbulence, and icing.

The data obtained from these satellites is instrumental in producing accurate weather forecasts and alerts which can enhance situational awareness for aviation operations. By providing real-time monitoring of weather phenomena, satellites contribute to safer flight conditions, ensuring that both pilots and passengers are protected from adverse weather events.

The other options, while relevant to various aspects of aviation, do not encompass the primary function of meteorological satellites. Predicting flight paths with precision relies on weather information but is a separate function. Traffic control updates and navigation assistance are important aspects of air traffic management and navigation systems, respectively, but are not the main purpose of meteorological satellites.